Circulatory System — Anatomy & Physiology Übungsblatt

Grades 10–12 Mittlerer Schwierigkeitsgrad 10 Aufgaben

The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste throughout the body. The heart pumps blood through arteries (away from heart), capillaries (exchange sites), and veins (back to heart).

The heart has four chambers: right atrium and ventricle pump blood to the lungs (pulmonary circuit); left atrium and ventricle pump blood to the body (systemic circuit). Valves prevent backflow.

Blood contains red blood cells (oxygen transport), white blood cells (immune defense), platelets (clotting), and plasma (liquid carrying nutrients and waste).

Geübte Fähigkeiten

Tracing blood flow through the heart
Distinguishing arteries, veins, and capillaries
Identifying blood component functions
Comparing pulmonary and systemic circuits

Name: Datum: Stunde:

Übungsblatt: Circulatory System

Anleitung: Löse jede Aufgabe sorgfältig. Zeige deine Arbeit klar. Schreibe deine endgültige Antwort in das vorgesehene Feld oder wie angewiesen auf ein separates Blatt.

1.Multiple Choice: Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
1. A. Right atrium
2. B. Right ventricle
3. C. Left atrium
4. D. Left ventricle

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

2.Short Answer: What is the function of the pulmonary arteries? Where do they carry blood?

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

3.
Labeling: Identify the numbered structures on the diagram of the heart below. Use the word bank: aorta, superior vena cava, right atrium, left ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, mitral valve, aortic valve.
1. 2. 3. ; 4. 5. 6. ; 7. 8.

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

4.Multiple Choice: Which blood vessels have the thinnest walls, allowing for gas and nutrient exchange?
1. A. Arteries
2. B. Arterioles
3. C. Capillaries
4. D. Veins

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

5.Short Answer: Describe the path of a red blood cell from the superior vena cava to the aorta. Name the chambers and valves it passes through.

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

6.Multiple Choice: What is the main function of red blood cells?
1. A. Fighting infection
2. B. Carrying oxygen
3. C. Clotting blood
4. D. Transporting nutrients

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

7.Short Answer: Explain the difference between systole and diastole in the cardiac cycle.

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

8.Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the correct order of blood flow through the heart?
1. A. Right atrium $\rightarrow$ right ventricle $\rightarrow$ lungs $\rightarrow$ left atrium $\rightarrow$ left ventricle $\rightarrow$ body
2. B. Right atrium $\rightarrow$ left atrium $\rightarrow$ lungs $\rightarrow$ right ventricle $\rightarrow$ left ventricle $\rightarrow$ body
3. C. Left atrium $\rightarrow$ left ventricle $\rightarrow$ lungs $\rightarrow$ right atrium $\rightarrow$ right ventricle $\rightarrow$ body
4. D. Right ventricle $\rightarrow$ right atrium $\rightarrow$ lungs $\rightarrow$ left ventricle $\rightarrow$ left atrium $\rightarrow$ body

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

9.Short Answer: What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?

Circulatory System — Übungsblatt (Fortsetzung)

10.Labeling: Identify the following blood vessels as either an artery or a vein, and state whether they carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood. Blood Vessel — Artery or Vein? — Oxygenated or Deoxygenated? ; Aorta — — ; Pulmonary artery — — ; Pulmonary vein — — ; Superior vena cava — — ;

Lösungsschlüssel

1.

The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

Endgültige Antwort: c) Left atrium
2.

Endgültige Antwort: The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for gas exchange (oxygenation).
3.

Endgültige Antwort: 1. Superior vena cava, 2. Right atrium, 3. Pulmonary artery, 4. Aorta, 5. Pulmonary vein, 6. Mitral valve, 7. Aortic valve, 8. Left ventricle
4.

Capillaries are one cell thick to allow diffusion of gases and nutrients.

Endgültige Antwort: c) Capillaries

Lösungsschlüssel (Fortsetzung)

5.

Endgültige Antwort: Superior vena cava $\rightarrow$ right atrium $\rightarrow$ tricuspid valve $\rightarrow$ right ventricle $\rightarrow$ pulmonary valve $\rightarrow$ pulmonary artery $\rightarrow$ lungs $\rightarrow$ pulmonary vein $\rightarrow$ left atrium $\rightarrow$ mitral valve $\rightarrow$ left ventricle $\rightarrow$ aortic valve $\rightarrow$ aorta.
6.

Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it to tissues.

Endgültige Antwort: b) Carrying oxygen
7.

Endgültige Antwort: Systole is the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle, when the heart pumps blood out. Diastole is the relaxation phase, when the heart fills with blood.
8.

Endgültige Antwort: a) Right atrium $\rightarrow$ right ventricle $\rightarrow$ lungs $\rightarrow$ left atrium $\rightarrow$ left ventricle $\rightarrow$ body
9.

Endgültige Antwort: The SA node is the natural pacemaker of the heart. It generates electrical impulses that initiate each heartbeat and set the heart rate.

Lösungsschlüssel (Fortsetzung)

10.

Endgültige Antwort: Aorta: Artery, Oxygenated; Pulmonary artery: Artery, Deoxygenated; Pulmonary vein: Vein, Oxygenated; Superior vena cava: Vein, Deoxygenated

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Häufige Fehler, die es zu vermeiden gilt

Thinking arteries always carry oxygenated blood (pulmonary artery is deoxygenated)
Confusing atria and ventricles
Mixing up pulmonary and systemic circuits
Believing blood is blue in veins (it is dark red)

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